Petra Malmo Essay

AfricaPetra malena moe or more commonly known as Malla moe, was a missionary for about 28 years. Malla moe was born on September 12, 1863 in hafslo, Norway. In those years she had to overcome the struggle of some hard times. Malla moe ‘s mother Brita Lonhiem moe gave birth to nine children . Out of the nine children only six lived and Malla moe was one. She was a survivor from the beginning. When she was about 12 years old she started to go to evangelistic meetings. When Malla Moe’s aunt was on her death bed she asked Malla moe to come with her to heaven. Malla moe began to want a deeper walk with God. Later after her father’s death it made her realize that our actions must follow beliefs even if it was different than the â€Å"normal† religious behavior. Malla moe made a promise to her mom on her death bed to take care of her little sister Dorothea after she had peace and assurance of her own salvation. This is when Malla moe began to want to serve God and tell people about God’s word. Karin (Malla Moe’s sister), invited Malla moe and Dorothea (Malla Moe’s other sister) to come live with her in Chicago. When Malla moe was there she attended trinity Lutheran church, but more importantly she attended moody church led by Reuben Archer Torrey. Torrey was a man that challenged Malla moe to become a missionary. Even though she desired to become a missionary she lacked in the education to do so. In 1891 the conflict became more heated when she attended Fredrik Franson’s evangelistic meetings. In June a group of missionary’s arrived to begin there langue’s study with East Africa Free mission in ekutandanei, natal. The reality of the African life quickly tested the faith and commitment of the missionary’s. Many missionaries could not take the harsh conditions of Africa. Malla moe had to go through intense langue study because of her lack in education. As a supplement to the program she spent short periods of time in African tribal kraals (camps). Malla moe joined in African work with a native, mapelepele gamede. They were both baptized together but Malla got baptized then for the second time. mapelepele gamedes inability to read was a stumbling block, but after a long time in the forest he returned with a great gift of immediate literacy. Malla Moe thought it was truly a miracle from God. He was renamed Johane, then he became Malla’s life long companion and a great helper as she faced problems with her language and cultural background. He also became a national helper that would accompany her into the kraals (camps) and help her train native converts. In 1898 a permanent mission site was built, named bethel. That is where Malla spent most of her time for the next fifty six years. She was a driving and forceful leader where ever she worked. After the three-year furlough in 1902 Malla begun to gather financial and spiritual support. A group called Afrika Gruppen in Minnesota, sent fund to help support Malla Moe from 1904 until her death. One of Malla’s three years were spent in Norway. When Malla was in chapel she was forbidden to speak because of her loud outburst, and her blunt way she spoke to people, which was appropriate in Africa but not in Norway. In Norway they had a very conservative chapel service compared to the African Service she was used to. In 1916 a furlough extended the next six years. At that time Malla worked in Chicago, east and west coasts and in Canada. When she was in Norway she had more successful visits then the pervious one and she helped in some of the revivals. During that time she was disabled with a hip injury for the second time. In October 1992 she returned to Africa. Because of Malla moes dominating behavior and her disregard of others’ feeling and responsibilities. But because of the head of a new bible school dropped the request of eliminating her from the staff. Malla Moe’s term begun and lasted the following thirty-one years until her death.  in 1927 Malla moe began a wagon missionary when she was sixty five years old. With the help of a driver, a leader of the donkey team of eight pairs and girls to do the cooking, Malla moe began journeys into untraveled and unevangelized areas. They would set up camp and work within an eight mile radius. The wagon ministry traveled through Swaziland, and then to Tonga land. Her life-long helpe r joined her on the journeys she took. This lasted ten years until 1938, because Malla moe was operated on at Nazarene Hospital in Bremersdorp for a severe attack of boils. The need to consolidate her efforts resulted in a â€Å"circularly† letter sent to friends and supporter started in 1932 with the help of jenson. The number began with 132 and then grew to hundreds. A new church was started in 1944, seeded by a personal gift from Malla moe and it was completed five years later. By 1950 Malla Moe’s health had been broken by a mountain climb to visit a kraal (camp) when she was not well. Although the physical difficulties were hard for her to bear she would often say â€Å"all grace of god. † Malla moe died at the age of ninety on October 16, 1953. So Malla moe had to overcome some hard times but she always trusted and put her faith in God . She became known as a strong women of God. Through reading Malla Moe’s story it’s made me want to become a stronger person in God. Seeing all the things Malla moe went through for God. It has made me realize all the things we go through does not compare to what some missionary’s go through to serve god. She gave her whole life to the African people and it made me see that she was not a selfish person. Thinking about how Malla moe changed the world I would have to say she became a Strong persistent women of God . She lived all the days of her life trying to teach people the word of God . Malla moe tried to life her life showing the world a perfect example of how God would want us to live. She was a truly dedicated women of God until the day she went to meet Jesus in heaven . She must of changed the people in Africa’s life the most. She showed them dedication to God . She also taught them that the love of God is worth living for. The people of Africa also learned to trust in God especially in the harsh conditions many people where exposed to in Africa . We will never know how many people that this one woman touched and changed their lives . I am sure in Africa her name is still known among many . Her stories are handed down throughout generations . If only we can live our lives with a servants hart we to could touch many lives. She died in Africa. Her story told of hardship, long treks in the bush, sacrifice, and love for Jesus. Heaven will only reveal how many people came to Christ because of her. In my report I talked to you about Petra malena moe and how she got through her hard times.

Book Review on “Fat Girl” Essay

Book Review Obesity is an upcoming and extremely prevalent phenomenon in America today. Author, Judith Moore of the book â€Å"Fat Girl† discusses some of the issues fat girls face. Her book is less about every stereo-typed fat girl and more about her story individually. Judith Moore chooses to take a different route, instead of complaining continuously about being fat, she explains in depth why she believes she is fat. She is not lazy; she expresses her knowledge of diets and her experiences of strenuous work outs but ends with little to no results. ‘My flesh resists loss. My fat holds on for dear life, holds on under my bratwurst arms and between my clabber thighs. † Food is a fuel, but to some food may be a pain reliever. For Judith, she had to face an unhappy family life early on. Judith had always been a fat girl and her father a fat man weighing close to 300 pounds. Her family was secluded and each individual only cared for themselves. Clearly her family was an unhappy one; they used food as source of pleasure and hoped it would cure the pain. At the age of four, Judith’s parents divorced. After the divorce, Judith was shipped back and forth between her mom’s mother’s farm and her mom’s apartment in Brooklyn. These trips back and forth only created more emotional scaring for Judith. Her Grandmother had a strong hatred for her father, and being that Judith was a spitting image of him, she received the backlash. Grandma fed Judiths needs literally and figuratively speaking. Each time she visited her Grandmothers farm she was fed extremely fattening comfort foods, and with that she grew larger. Her Grandmother would make comments over how large she was and how she was growing, breaking her down each time. This led to Judith’s reach for food to fill the hole created by her dysfunctional family. The love of food steamed from her unloving family. Her continuous pattern of eating to fulfill an emotional need led to Judith’s weight gain. Judith proceeds to explain more emotional traumatizing events in her life that are male influenced. She discloses information that a man once told her she was too fat to get in bed with, and her experience of being manipulated into giving oral head to a man who she thought was a kind person, while his friends watched and laughed. Not once throughout her book did Judith play the victim for being fat. Because Judith proceeds to tell the readers events in her life and why they make her who she is today, this book consider would be considered an autobiography. The book gives another perspective on another persons’ life. Judith’s obvious intention for this book was not to complain about being fat, but to state the events of her life that made her who she is. She did not stereo-type every fat girl, she simply told her story and ways other fat girls could relate. This autobiography presents an issue of correlation with our society and obesity. It suggests that obesity can come from emotional pain or distress. I would suggest this book to my friends, it explains that everyone has a story of why they are the way they are.

The Rising Economy of China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Rising Economy of China - Research Paper Example However, from 2007 – 2009 china like the other developed nation saw a downfall in its growth but the recovery system was very good. Unlike the other western nations and US, China did not suffer from huge recession. Going through few measurements, China’s economy is the second largest and is moving towards becoming the largest. (Grumbine, 2007) This research paper on China has examined all the implications including both the opportunities and challenges, considering the U.S. economy form the huge growth of China and her emergence as one of the most powerful economy in the world. Will China Overtake the U.S. Economy? The real GDP of China has grown twice as fast before the reformation period. Let us go through the factors, which have led this success story of China. Looking at China’s rapid growth, many economists and analysts have given their view studying it since 1979. If we look through China since the period of economic reformation, we see that China has been able to accumulate huge wealth and has gone through many developments. Both of these factors went equally hand in hand. Improvement in productivity led to the improvement of the growth and this hereby-generated huge fund, which ultimately led the road for new investment. Another advantageous situation for China was that it could draw huge amount form the domestic savings from that of finance investment during the time of economic reforms. (Wu, 2011) What led to China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) were incentives and trade reforms. This became the major source for China. The increase in annual FDI was the fastest in China in 1990s. During this period, the growth was $37.5 billion in 1995 to $3.5 billion in the early 1990s. This makes a ten-fol increase. In between 1995 -2009, annual FDI level was doubled. This capital is used efficiently by China and hence has been able to contribute to the economic growth. (Wu, 2011; Roett and Paz, 2008) It has been seen that much of fore ign domestic investment in China goes into export and manufactures which includes export like consumer electronics. Several case studies reveal that the gain in productivity has been one of the major cause in this huge rapid growth, economically since the implementation of the reforms. Taking an example of an International Monetary Fund (IMF), which concluded that the growth in productivity was the most significant reason for china’s economic growth? This study shows us that during 1952 – 1978, the accumulation of capital accounted for 65% of output growth in China, whereas the input growth for labor and productivity was 17% and 18%. Just the opposite happened during 1979 – 1994 (this was the period when economic reform in China took place), growth of productivity was nearly 42% of the economic growth output whereas the labor and capital inputs was 58%. (Roett and Paz, 2008; Blankert, 2009) Resources were reallocated due to which productivity had increased in ec onomic reform of China. This took place in areas where the control was under the governance of the central government like trade, agriculture, and services. Reforms in agricultural sector boosted production. This also realized the workers for pursuing employment in actions where the marginal production is high. (Wu, 2011; Roett and Paz, 2008) The rise in economy in China happened to have strengthened the relation of U.S. – China. Total amount of trade went up from $4.9 billion in the year

Liberation movements and US policy Research Paper

Liberation movements and US policy - Research Paper Example Over the past, there has been a number of liberation movements all aimed at getting some specific end results. These liberation movements usually have some effects on the areas in which they operate. They touch on different spheres for instance political, social, economic and socio-cultural areas (Berdal and Malone 108). This piece of work looks at various liberation movements and their effect on the US Policy. As stated earlier, there has been formation of a number of liberation movements each of them having different impacts on different aspects. Some of them have lasted for a relatively long period of time and achieved their mission and vision while others have only existed for a short period of time. There have been a lot of terms and definitions that have been put forth with respect to liberation movements. For instance, they have been referred to as rebel movements, non-state armed groups, insurgencies among other terms. Some definitions tend to be relatively narrow while other s are very extensive. The difference in definitions has been as a result of the difference in these group’s structure, goals and objectives and well as their geopolitical environment. However, a general definition that has been put forward for the resistance and liberation movements states that they are groups that have a hierarchical organization that acts as a command tool, are independent from state control, they use violence to attain political ends and have a certain level of territorial power over a given geographical area (Bruderlein 17). Some of the liberation movements that will be discussed in this paper include FARC, Hamas, Hezbollah and Basque Separatist. FARC FARC stand for the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia. It was founded in the year 1964. It is ranked as the largest, oldest, best equipped and most capable Latin America’s insurgency. It was established as a military wing linked with the Columbian Communist Party. It is of Marxist origin. Currentl y, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia concentrates in fighting for the achievement of the Marxist goals. Columbia is the primary country of operation of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia. However it undertakes some other activities in its neighboring nations for instance acquisition of weapons, extortion, kidnapping, as well as logistics among others (The National Counterterrorism Center par 1). As a resistance and liberation movement, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia employs different tactics in an effort to achieve its goals and objectives against Columbia military, economic as well as political targets. Some of the tactics include murder, extortion, bombing, kidnapping, revolutionary and conventional military action as well as hijacking. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia is also well known in its indulgence in drug trafficking related activities for example its cultivation, distribution and taxation. The main factor that has led to the consider ation of the US persons as being legitimate military targets is the fact that the United States fully supports the Columbian government. Although the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia has had some successes in its activities, it has also faced a lot of challenges that have undermined its powers thus affecting its capability to undertake its activities, as desired against the Columbian government and the United States of America at large. In the year 2009 for example, the group lost a

Introduction to fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introduction to fiction - Essay Example Impression of such conflict becomes quite clear from very initial level of the story, â€Å"I was getting along fine with Mama, Papa-Daddy and Uncle Rondo until my sister Stella-Rondo just separated from her husband and came back home again† (Welty). Quite in contrast to her younger sister Stella-Rondo, the protagonist has always been marginalized and her conflict with such discriminative approaches actually constructs the very theme of the story. Her continuous conflict with rest of her family members has compelled her to live her own household and take residence in the P.O and this very aspect explains the actual reason behind title of the story. Being an individual, the protagonist has certain self-respect and she is completely resolute on not to compromise over the very factor, even at the cost of staying away from her own family, â€Å"Its too late to stop me now",... "You should have tried that yesterday. Im going to the P.O. and the only way you can possibly see me is to visit me there† (Welty). Being a Southern Writer, as Eudora Welty has often been referred as, she constructs her protagonist with her typical southern tone, vocabulary and conversational style but essentially spirit of the characters is that of an indomitable human will that remains resolute on this aspect that preservation of self-dignity and fighting for individual happiness are greatest virtues and under no circumstance this basic human quality can be compromised, â€Å"But here I am, and here Ill stay. I want the world to know Im happy† (Welty). Proper depiction of this quality by the author and struggle of the protagonist to retain her individual identity makes a critic believe that the character is perfectly unpretentious and knows how to fight for her own happiness even going beyond a determined rule of social construction. â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† by Isabel Allende is an excellent piece of modern

Process Improvement Application Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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International Financial Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

International Financial Management - Assignment Example In the case of UVA Company, it can take the same measures (buy futures contract or buy at spot rates) but this time, it should take a long position in the Thai baht since this is the currency of reckoning (revenues and expenses are measured in baht). In the case of Albany Corporation, it should take a long position in Australian dollars by buying this currency either at spot rates or by using the futures contract by which it will lock in the Australian dollar price at a predetermined rate but undertake for its delivery by payment at a later date. Economies of scale pertain to the cost advantages obtained by a business enterprise due to its size, output volume, or scale of operations (using subsidiaries and joint ventures in foreign countries) and a large percentage of its annual revenues are earned from these foreign markets. When a multinational corporation restructures to reduce its economic (or operating) exposure, it will necessarily have to reduce or let go of some of its subsidiaries as these are the sources of its economic exposure mainly from unexpected currency exchange rate risks. Its economies of scale are lost once it draws back from foreign markets (Madura

Psychology of Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Psychology of Marketing - Essay Example Herberg’s theory presents a dichotomy for possible resolutions for targeted consumers: satisfaction versus dissatisfaction (Kolter & Keller, 2012; Durmaz & Diyarbakirlioglu, 2011). Consideration of both outcomes is important as neither can apply in the absence of the other. When marketing, it is important to incorporate both sides of the dichotomy in one’s thinking as they almost equally influence the decision made by the consumer. The marketer must not fail to recognize the needs of the consumer, and, consequently, place their product within their list of needs. To achieve this, they must be able to sufficiently but fast introduce the product, and discuss its value in light of the consumer’s current needs in order to make it appealing to them (Bohm, 2012). As such, the marketer’s main pursuit lies in their ability to motivate a consumer so they can get a favorable perception of the product while deciding on

Intro 4 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intro 4 questions - Essay Example As a result reformation of penology was formed which saw establishment of gate to sewer in order to improve hygiene of cells. The model incorporated both the New York and Pennsylvania models. Later, Moonachie introduced mark system that aimed at fiving hope to prisoners concerning their future. Following signs of marks model success, Irish model was introduced which advocated for release of prisoners upon attaining satisfactory good behavior. Lastly, Elmira model was introduced to modify Irish model through giving inmates indeterminate sentencing but prisoners had an opportunity to earn early release if their behavior improves (P, 356). Modern prisons are divided into state and federal prisons. The level of security required in prisons mainly depends on potential of prisons to escape i.e. minimum, low medium, maximum and super- maximum. There is difference in these prisons on matters of environment. The state correctional system controls prison farms and camps that are mainly for inmates with low offence. Others include boot camps which are mainly aimed at enabling the inmates to undergo physical conditioning and discipline. Military prisons on the other hand are different from state and federal prisons as it has its own criminal codes. Lastly, co-correctional prisons are those that provide normal prison environment through allowing both women and men to integrate together (p. 367). Jails mainly confine persons who are serving short sentences, person awaiting trial, conviction or sentencing, individual who have violated of their probation, mentally ill persons, person who is under protection e.g. witness or state inmates. Jails have undergone tremendous changes with origin of modern jails being traced back on 1166 and with the first jail having been built in 1650s. Colonial jails had small rooms which could accommodate approximately 30 inmates. At this era inmates had to buy food for on their own. Since then jails have gone through modern

Mangment this is a paper for studying mangment in an academic setting for MBA Essay Example for Free

Mangment this is a paper for studying mangment in an academic setting for MBA Essay The factors that affect the productivity of PATs include the size of incentive bonuses paid to workers, base pay increases, perfect attendance bonuses, the size of the fringe benefits package, how favorably the overall size of a company’s compensation package compares with the industry-average compensation package, expenditures for PAT training and productivity improvement, and changes in the number of models. Perfect attendance bonuses, how much overtime is offered to PATs so as to boost their take-home pay, how many PATs are laid off, the percentage of newly-hired PATs, the percentage use of temporary PATs, and PAT compensation levels. P/Q ratings, the warranty claim rates, the amount of overtime, the percentage of cameras outsourced, and how many cameras are assembled each quarter. the complexity of the company’s camera designs; a company’s cumulative spending for new product RD, engineering and design; the number of models; camera body ergonomics/durability; and the number of camera components. PAT training and experience, the number of PATs laid off, base pay increases, warranty claim rates, and P/Q ratings †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. The interest rate a company pays on loans outstanding depends on its credit rating. How much it has borrowed against its credit line and its debt-assets ratio. How many consecutive years the company has been profitable, its current ratio, and its ROE Its net profit margins, ROE, and amount of cash on hand to make interest payments Its current ratio, global market share, debt-assets ratio, net profits, and balance sheet strength †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The company maintains a production facility in the United States. Japan. China. Germany. Taiwan. The decisions that company co-managers make each year are organized around new product RD, components production, work force management, advertising and marketing, and finance. supply chain management, assembly, distribution, sales force management, advertising and marketing, customer service, and finance. components production and assembly, distribution and retailer relations, advertising and promotion, customer service, and accounting. supply chain management, components production, assembly, distribution and dealer relations, sales and marketing, and cash flow management. marketing and promotions, product design, assembly/shipping, compensation and labor force, and finance.

Democracy in Combating Poverty

Democracy in Combating Poverty Democracy and Development in Combating Poverty Introduction The correlation between democracy and development in combating poverty stems from the European debate that has taken place since the early part of the last century. The significance of this debate has since been further amplified as a consequence of decolonization and the ability of international economic institutions such as International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to impose conditions on providing international aid to developing countries (Barsh 1992). The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the fact that combating poverty does not require the concurrent application of democracy and development. It follows on from the introductory work done by my group member Christopher Kaindi and leads onto the case studies done by Phonesavanh Sethanaphaixanh. It will show that the premature application of democracy in many of these developing countries leads to further problems and as such do not address poverty alleviation. It will do so by first taking a brief look at the argument in favor of democracy. It will then define the concepts of democracy and development in regards to combating poverty. Following that the paper will then illustrate the issues related to the premature implementation of democracy. Finally the paper will look at the implications of such a conflict on the provision of international aid to developing countries. Democracy and Development Defined Democracy and development alike are terms that have been conceptualized in various and often contradicting ways. As such, for the purpose of this paper, both these terms have been defined in their minimalist form. Democracy refers to a form of government that allows the citizens of a country to play a vital role in the creation and implementation of the countrys policies and laws through a system of representation (Shihata 1997). Typical features of a democratic government include the separation of State and Church, the separation of the legislative, judicial and executive powers, the protection of fundamental human rights, and due process of law (Shihata 1997). Development refers to the transformation of a society that features human progress in all its aspects. Aside from social and cultural growth development hopes to improve the nations economic growth, that is, to raise the per capita income of nations (Shihata 1997). Therefore, it would appear, from the above definitions that development, with its emphasis on economic growth, is an essential process necessary for the alleviation of poverty. As such, in an attempt to illustrate the non correlation between development and democracy in combating poverty the remainder of this paper will highlight some of the key areas in which the two have a conflict of interest. Why Have Democracy? Proponents argue that democracy helps the poor in three ways: democracies empower poor people through elections, and hence force governments to attend to their needs; democracies facilitate the free flow of information, and hence give governments better information about the condition of the poor; and democratic governments provide their citizens with more public goods. Why Not Have Democracy The type of political regime itself has no impact on economic development. It is in fact the policies undertaken by the governments of these developing countries that enable them to fight poverty. As such arguments that suggest authoritarian governments in countries such as Cuba, Burma and North Korea have lead to higher number of people in poverty is seriously flawed. Its their governments decision to implement import-substitution strategies and less involvement in global trade that has lead to them struggling with poverty eradication. Export-orientated strategies have been far more effective in promoting sustained economic growth. This is evident in countries such as South Korea and Taiwan where democracy came at a later stage of development. Furthermore, it is unrealistic to assume that democratic institutions can be set up easily, almost anywhere, at any time. Effective democracy isnt just about having elections; it needs a relatively developed infrastructure that includes not only economic resources but also widespread participatory habits and an emphasis on autonomy. The Bush administration ignored this reality when it attempted to implant democracy in Afghanistan and Iraq which as a result have left both these countries in a state of chaos. In a developing country the peoples main focus is survival, which includes basic economic and physical security such as food and shelter. During the process of development as these necessities are met there is a change in values which shifts from being one that is to meet the basic needs of survival to complex needs of self expression and freedom of speech, and participation in political decision making. This very shift in values creates the preconditions required for a healthy democratic regime to operate in a country. Among the countries that democratized between in 1970 and 1990, democracy has survived in every country that made the transition when it was at the economic level of Argentina today or higher, among the countries that made the transition at an earlier stage of development, democracy had an average life expectancy of only eight years. The structure of democracy, with its institutions of voting rights, an independent judiciary that often requires judicial review and leads to judicial restraint on legislative and executive power, and a free press, sets it apart from authoritarian rule. The restraint of arbitrary power can be a powerful source of development; but a well-functioning democracy can also undermine development. The structure of democratic participation relies on the creation and proliferation of interest groups that lobby for their views to be heard and their concerns to prevail. But a lobbying-infested democracy can lead to widespread waste and inefficiency through the effects of rent-seeking and unproductive profit-seeking  activities. There is also a danger of what Jonathan Rauch has called demosclerosis: the paralysis of gridlock afflicting a lobbying-infested democracy. The welfare gains that lobbies produce in allowing citizen participation in governance and in fostering balanced policymaking can be outweighed by their costs from gridlock and unproductive profit-seeking. That democracies are subject to this tradeoff is indisputable.